潮汕移民家书（侨批）与口述历史的文化记忆： 以马来西亚槟城张氏家族为考察物件
Abstract
本文以马来西亚槟城大山脚张氏家族为个案，结合家族侨批、移民家书与口述历史数据，探讨潮州移民在跨国流动过程中如何透过书信书写、亲属网络与信仰实践，持续建构其文化记忆与身份认同。不同于既有研究多以中国侨乡为中心、强调“出洋”经验，本文尝试从马来西亚在地社会语境出发，重新理解侨批在侨居地的生命历程及其文化意义。在跨地域、跨世代的往返过程中，侨批成为连接原乡与异乡的重要媒介，使离散家族得以在时空断裂中维系历史连续性。透过张氏家族的个案分析，本文进一步指出，祖先崇拜、民间信仰与丧葬风俗并非单纯的宗教或习俗实践，而是移民群体响应离散处境、寻求精神安顿的重要文化机制。本文主张将侨批研究与口述历史相结合，使“文献记忆”与“人的记忆”相互对话，补足宏观移民史难以呈现的情感经验与伦理实践。本文认为，侨批应被视为马来西亚历史与文化地景的一部分，其研究有助于深化对华人跨域迁移、文化记忆与身份生成之复杂性的理解，并为侨批研究提供一种立足华侨华人研究的在地化视角。
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